The origins of Lloyds Bank stretch back to 1765, when John Taylor and Sampson Lloyd set up a private banking business in Birmingham, England. In 1865 the partnership changed its status to a joint-stock company, naming itself Lloyds Banking Company Limited.
Two sons of the original partners followed in their footsteps by establishing their own bank: Barnetts Hoares Hanbury and Lloyds, in Lombard Street, London. In 1884 this was absorbed into the growing Lloyds Banking Company.
Over the years, Lloyds Bank expanded through a series of mergers, including the Wilts and Dorset Bank in 1914 and the Capital and Counties Bank in 1918. By 1923, Lloyds Bank had made some 50 take-overs, one of which was the last private firm to issue its own bank notes: Fox, Fowler and Co of Wellington, Somerset.
1911 saw the formation of Lloyds Bank (France) when Lloyds Bank acquired Armstrong and Co, based in Paris and Le Havre. From 1917 it was run jointly as Lloyds and National and Provincial Bank. In 1955, Lloyds Bank bought full ownership and it became Lloyds Bank (Foreign) and later Lloyds Bank Europe.
A strong connection with South America began in 1918 with the acquisition of the London and River Plate Bank. The later merger with the London and Brazilian Bank resulted in the Bank of London and South America (BOLSA). In 1971, Lloyds Bank bought the controlling interest in BOLSA and merged it with Lloyds Bank Europe to form Lloyds and Bolsa International Bank. This name changed in 1974 to Lloyds Bank International (LBI) and LBI was itself merged into Lloyds Bank in 1986.
1988 saw the Bank merge five of its businesses with the Abbey Life Insurance Company to create Lloyds Abbey Life.
By the early 1990s, Lloyds Bank had offices in 30 countries, from Argentina to the USA, building a new headquarters for its UK Retail Banking Division in Bristol and acquiring the Agricultural Mortgage Corporation. In New Zealand, an already commanding presence as the National Bank of New Zealand was further strengthened by the 1994 take-over of the Rural Bank, making it the leading provider of agricultural finance.
On 1 August 1995, Cheltenham & Gloucester (C&G) joined the Lloyds Bank Group. Later the same year, on 28 December, Lloyds Bank Group merged with TSB Group to form Lloyds TSB Group plc, one of the largest forces in domestic banking.
In 1810, the Reverend Henry Duncan of Ruthwell, Dumfriesshire, set up a bank to help his poorest parishioners save for times of hardship. It was such a popular scheme that by 1818 there were 465 savings banks in Britain (including 182 in Scotland). The Trustee Savings Bank Association (TSBA) was established in 1887 to help the individual banks co-operate and to advise on matters of common concern.
The Central Trustee Savings Bank was set up in 1973 to provide the savings banks with a banking and clearing service. In 1975 it became a member of the London Bankers Clearing House. That same year, a reorganisation put 73 local institutions in place, and a later review reduced this again, to 16 regional savings banks.
There was considerable growth during the 1970s and 1980s as the range of services expanded and the number of depositors increased. To keep pace, another reorganisation was necessary and, in 1983, the remaining 16 savings banks gave up their individual identities to form TSB England and Wales, TSB Scotland, TSB Northern Ireland and TSB Channel Islands.
The 1985 TSB Act opened the way for the Group to restructure in preparation for its stock market flotation in 1986. The following year saw a network of estate agencies set up, the acquisition of Hill Samuel Bank and Target Life, and the launch of Speedlink, Britain’s first telephone banking system.
TSB England and Wales became TSB Bank plc in 1989 and the newly named TSB Bank Scotland plc and TSB Bank Northern Ireland plc became its subsidiaries that year. In 1991 Allied Irish Bank bought TSB Bank Northern Ireland and in 1992 TSB Bank Channel Islands became a subsidiary of TSB Bank
Lloyds TSB Group plc
In 1995, the merger between TSB and Lloyds Bank formed Lloyds TSB Group plc, one of the largest forces in domestic banking.
In September 1996, Lloyds Abbey Life became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lloyds TSB Group, and in 1997 Lloyds TSB Group acquired the consumer finance business, Losango, of Banco Multiplic SA (BMSA) in Brazil. 1998 saw the Group expand its New Zealand presence again with the acquisition of Countrywide Banking Corporation Ltd.
In June 1999, TSB and Lloyds Bank branches in England and Wales were re-branded Lloyds TSB. Branches in Scotland came under the new brand of Lloyds TSB Scotland, which now has 185 branches stretching from the Northern Isles to the Mull of Galloway.
Scottish Widows joined the Group on 3 March 2000. This combination created one of the UK’s largest providers of life, pensions and unit trust products.
On 1 September 2000, Lloyds TSB Group subsidiary, Lloyds UDT, acquired Chartered Trust Group Plc and ACL Autolease Holdings Limited, the UK consumer finance and contract hire subsidiaries of Standard Chartered Bank.
Most recently, on 1 August 2003, Lloyds TSB Group acquired the credit card and personal loan business of Goldfish Bank Limited.
Source Lloyds Media Centre
